A new community was founded on the treeless plains of Canada’s North West Territories in 1882 and named “Regina.” The settlement was named by Princess Louise in honor of her mother, Queen Victoria. Regina served briefly as the capital of the North West Territory. Saskatchewan became a province in 1905 and Regina, having been incorporated as a city in 1903, became Saskatchewan’s capital in 1906.
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People from the Blackfoot Confederacy had settled in the area of present day Calgary. John Glenn was the first European to establish a residence in the area; he built a log cabin near Fish Creek in 1873. His farmstead and trading post became a stop along the migration route crossing Canada. In 1875, Fort Brisebois, as Calgary was then known, served as an outpost for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
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The Europeans had established a short cut between the trading routes along Lakes Ontario and Huron. A French trading post, Fort Rouillé, was built near the Humber and Don Rivers during the mid-18th century. The settlement was destroyed by the British in 1759 during the French and Indian War. The rebuilt community was renamed York and became the key to British control of Upper Canada.
